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Pixelmator Pro zone

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Pixelmator Pro is a super simple yet powerful image processing application for Mac. It has integration with Mac Photos and an app version for iOS (iPhone and iPad). Whilst it may not have as many features as some of the major commercial image processing tools, it more than makes up for it with ease of use and straightforward uncluttered menus and workflow. It also has a good user community and forums.

Pro: Price.

ImageMagick command line image processing tool

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A zone with information the ImageMagick command line process tool, mostly external links.

Image processing zone

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A zone with information about various image processing tools, mostly external links.

This image may be ... viewed through an eyepiece, which acts like a magnifying glass. The eye then sees an inverted magnified virtual image of the object.

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This image may be ... viewed through an eyepiece, which acts like a magnifying glass. The eye then sees a ... magnified virtual image of the object.

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Although the focus is conceptually a point, physically the focus has a spatial extent, called the blur circle. This non-ideal focusing may be caused by aberrations of the imaging optics.

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In geometrical optics, a focus, also called an image point, is the point where light rays originating from a point on the object converge.

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A real image occurs where rays converge, whereas a virtual image occurs where rays only appear to diverge.

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In ray diagrams ... real rays of light are always represented by full, solid lines; perceived or extrapolated rays of light are represented by dashed lines.

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A real image ... is an image which is located in the plane of convergence for the light rays that originate from a given object.

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A converging lens (one that is thicker in the middle than at the edges) or a concave mirror is also capable of producing a virtual image if the object is within the focal length. Such an image will be magnified.

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A diverging lens (one that is thicker at the edges than the middle) or a convex mirror forms a virtual image. Such an image is reduced in size when compared to the original object.

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Because the rays never really converge, a virtual image cannot be projected onto a screen. In contrast, a real image can be projected on the screen as it is formed by rays that converge on a real location.

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In diagrams of optical systems, virtual rays are conventionally represented by dotted lines.

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a virtual image is found by tracing real rays that emerge from an optical device (lens, mirror, or some combination) backward to perceived or apparent origins of ray divergences.

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A real image is the collection of focus points actually made by converging rays, while a virtual image is the collection of focus points made by extensions of diverging rays.

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In optics, an image is defined as the collection of focus points of light rays coming from an object.

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A telescope's ability to resolve small detail is directly related to the diameter (or aperture) of its objective (the primary lens or mirror that collects and focuses the light), and its light gathering power is related to the area of the objective.

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There are telescope designs that do not present an inverted image such as the Galilean refractor and the Gregorian reflector. These are referred to as erecting telescopes.

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Most telescope designs produce an inverted image at the focal plane; these are referred to as inverting telescopes.

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This image may be recorded or viewed through an eyepiece, which acts like a magnifying glass. The eye then sees an inverted [DISPUTED] magnified virtual image of the object.

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The basic scheme is that the primary light-gathering element, the objective (the convex lens or concave mirror used to gather the incoming light), focuses that light from the distant object to a focal plane where it forms a real image.

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Optical images, image sensors, image data

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Tutorial

TRAIL: Webel SysML Parsing Analysis example: Optical telescopes from Wikipedia: Structure and port-based light flow model

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SysML Package Diagram

An optical telescope is a telescope that gathers and focuses light, mainly from the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum, to create a magnified image for direct view, or to make a photograph, or to collect data through electronic image sensors.

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